“就是”的主观化和语法化

Subjectivisation and Grammaticalization of Chinese Word “就是”

"就是"在汉语中主要有以下几种用法:1.动词短语; 2.副词; 3.连词; 4.话语标记。从最初表强化判断的动词短语到话语标记,这是"就是"不断主观化的反映。首先从共时层面分析不同类别的"就是"大致演变轨迹及其主观化程度差异,认为"就是"在语义功能上经历了以下过程:强化判断—强调焦点—假设让步—话语标记。接着从历时角度讨论"就是"的语法化过程及机制,认为"就是"的语法化是多种因素综合作用的结果。

Chinese word“就是”can used as verb phrases,adverbs,conjunctions and the discourse markers.The evolution of from verb phrases to the discourse markers is a reflection of the"substantially subjective".This paper analyses the general evolutionary trajectory and the degree of subjectivity of different“就是”from the synchronic level,believing that“就是”has undergone the following processes in semantic function:strengthening judgment,emphasizing focus,hypothetical concession and discourse marker.The discusses the grammaticalization process and mechanism of Chinese word“就是”from a diachronic point of view,which holds an opinion that the grammaticalization of“就是”is the result of a combination of various factors.