中国城乡消费差异分析

Analysis of the Differences Between Urban and Rural Consumption in China

概述中国城乡居民消费的基本情况,重点分析城乡居民消费水平、消费结构及变化趋势。运用AIDS模型对我国"十一五"和"十二五"时期的城乡居民消费结构进行分析,并计算不同时期城乡居民消费的支出弹性和自价格弹性。得出结论认为,我国城乡消费结构差异逐步缩小,但城镇居民的发展型和享受型消费已经基本趋于稳定,而农村的享受型消费有所不足。此外,家庭设备及服务、交通和通讯将成为扩大城乡居民消费的重点。最后为缩小城乡消费差距提出建议。

This paper first outlines the basic situation of urban and rural residents’ consumption in China,focusing on the consumption level,consumption structure and changing trends of urban and rural residents. Then,by using the AIDS model,it analyzes the consumption structure of urban and rural residents during the period of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and the Twelfth Five-Year Plan,and calculates their expenditure elasticity and self-price elasticity of the consumption in different periods. The following conclusions are derived: the difference between urban and rural consumption structure is being gradually reduced. The consumption of rural residents has been basically stable,while the development-and enjoyment-oriented consumption of rural residents is insufficient. Furthermore,family equipment and communication facilities will be the key elements to increase the consumption of urban and rural residents. The paper also provides policy recommendations to narrow the gap between urban and rural consumption.