甲状腺髓样癌的研究进展

Progress in medullary thyroid carcinoma research

甲状腺髓样癌属恶性神经内分泌肿瘤的一种,其细胞学病变基础是甲状腺滤泡旁(C细胞)恶性增殖异常分化,RET原癌基因突变作为甲状腺髓样癌基因病因,microR NA近年也被证明与甲状腺髓样癌有密切的相关性。甲状腺髓样癌缺乏特定的临床特点,病程进展速度较快,属中度恶性癌,预后相对较差、目前推荐的治疗首选"甲状腺全切术+颈淋巴结清扫术"为主的手术治疗。笔者就甲状腺髓样癌临床特征、诊疗方法、治疗手段等方面进行归纳总结,为临床工作提供帮助。

Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a kind of malignant neuroendocrine tumor.The cytological basis of medullary thyroid carcinoma is the malignant proliferation and abnormal differentiation of thyroid follicular(C cell).Mutations of RET proto-oncogene are the etiology of medullary thyroid carcinoma.Medullary carcinoma of thyroid lacks specific clinical features.It is a moderately malignant cancer with a relatively poor prognosis and a rapid progression of the disease course.Currently,the preferred treatment for the recommended treatment is"total thyroidectomy+cervical lymph node dissection".This paper summarizes the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment methods,treatment methods and other aspects of medullary thyroid cancer to provide help for clinical work.