不同成熟度的海南红心火龙果果实在采后的储藏特性比较

Comparison of Postharvest Storage Characteristics of Hainan Red Heart Pitaya with Different Maturity

为了研究不同成熟度的海南红心火龙果果实在采后的耐储性,以便为火龙果的采后保鲜技术提供理论指导,本实验以"金都一号"红心火龙果为实验材料,研究了七成熟、八成熟和九成熟3种不同采摘成熟度的果实在采后贮藏中的品质变化,同时,通过测定其在采后贮藏期间的可溶性固形物(TSS)、花青苷、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及其病情指数、失重率、p H值、抗氧化活性(DPPH)等生理指标,比较了不同成熟度的火龙果在采后贮藏品质的差异.结果显示:八成熟果实的TSS和p H值与七成熟果实的TSS和p H值在贮藏期间的差异显著(P <0. 05);贮藏前6天,九成熟果实的TSS含量差异不显著,但是6天后九成熟果实的TSS含量下降趋势明显;八成熟果实的病情指数显著低于七成熟和九成熟果实的病情指数,七成熟果实的失重率最高,九成熟果实的失重率最低;抗氧化活性和花青苷的含量变化由高到低的顺序依次是九成熟果实>八成熟果实>七成熟果实;八成熟果实的SOD和POD活性高峰出现的时刻比七成熟和九成熟果实的SOD和POD活性高峰出现的时刻延迟2天.储藏期间的综合指标表明:八成熟的果实在采后其贮藏品质较好,因此可将其作为海南红心火龙果的采摘依据.

In the report,to analyze the postharvest storage resistance of Hainan red heart pitaya fruits with different maturity,and provide theoretical guidance for the fresh-keeping technology of Hainan pitaya fruits,the postharvest storage quality of Hainan Red Heart Dragon Fruit ’Jindu 1’ with three different maturity include 7 ripening maturity,8 ripening maturity,9 ripening maturity was investigated,and the postharvest physiological indexes of pitaya fruit with different picking maturity were compared by measuring the disease index,weight loss rate,soluble solids( TSS),p H,anthocyanin content,superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD),malondialdehyde( MDA),antioxidant activity( DPPH) and other physiological indicators. The results showed that the TSS and p H values of the eight ripening maturity fruits were significantly different from that of seven ripening maturity fruits during storage( P < 0. 05). At 6d before storage,there was no significantly differences between the TSS content of seven ripening maturity and the nine ripening maturity,however,after 6d,the TSS content of the nine mature fruits significant decreased. The disease index of eight ripening maturity fruits were the lowest. The weight loss rate of seven ripening maturity fruits was the highest and that of nine ripening maturity fruits was the lowest. The changes of antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content from high to low were nine ripening maturity fruits,eight ripening maturity fruits,and seven ripening maturity fruits. The SOD and POD activity peak of eight ripening maturity fruits was 2 days later than that of seven ripening maturity fruits and nine ripening maturity fruits. The comprehensive indexes during storage showed that the post-harvest storage quality of eight ripening maturity fruits was better,which provided a theoretical basis for the post-harvest storage and harvesting of Hainan Red-heart pitaya fruit.