农业生产要素配置与农机社会化服务供给行为——以水稻劳动密集型环节为例

The Allocation of Agricultural Production Factor and the Supply Behavior of Agricultural Machinery Socialization Service——Taking Rice Labor-intensive Links as an Example

全国8省765份水稻种植户的调查数据表明,总体上,农业生产要素配置对农机户参与农机社会化服务供给行为有显著影响,务农劳动力人数对农机户提供整地与收割机械服务有正向影响,而务农劳动力兼业比例对农机户提供收割机械的影响显著为负,家庭水田经营规模对农机户提供整地与收割机械有显著负向影响。此外,亲朋数量、水稻种植季数与机械服务价格对农机户参与水稻整地与收割环节机械服务供给有显著正向影响,而水田破碎度对农机户参与水稻整地与收割环节均有负向影响,但只在收割环节通过显著性检验。基于鼓励农机户积极参与农机服务供给视角,不仅要不断提高服务供给主体的服务专业化水平,还应缓解农地细碎化难题,提高农机户参与服务供给的意愿。

A survey of 765 households in eight provinces shows that,on the whole,the allocation of agricultural production factors has a significant impact on the participation in the provision of agricultural machinery service,the number of agricultural laborers has a positive impact on the provision of land preparation and harvesting machinery services for agricultural machinery households,while the proportion of part-time non-agricultural laborers has significantly negative impact on providing harvesting machinery,and the scale of family paddy field management has a significant negative impact on the provision of land preparation and harvesting machinery for agricultural machinery.In addition,the number of relatives and friends,of rice planting seasons and the price of mechanical services have a significant positive impact on the participation in the supply of mechanical services for rice land preparation and harvesting,and the degree of watershed fragmentation has a negative impact on the participation in rice land preparation and harvesting.However,only the harvesting process passed the significance test.In order to encourage farmers to participate in agricultural machinery service supply,it is necessary not only to continuously improve the service specialization level of service supply subjects,but also to alleviate the problem of fragmentation of agricultural land and increase the willingness of agricultural machinery households to participate in service supply.