马克思的“新启蒙”及其现实意义

Marx's “New Enlightenment” and its Realistic Meaning

18世纪原初启蒙建立在对自然科学之隐含的理性精神的提升和绝对化基础之上。马克思通过提出"人们的现实生活过程"这一更为根本的前提,在哲学原则上提供了一套"新启蒙"思想。这是以历史唯物主义为根据的,是将自然科学提升为历史科学,将启蒙的人道主义提升和落实为实践的人道主义,从根本上改变了原初启蒙的哲学基础、思维逻辑和批判路向,实现了对原初启蒙的整体超越,以及事实与价值、解释性和革命性、历史性和实践性、科学主义和人道主义的统一。这种"新启蒙"对当前的思想文化和社会主义制度文明建设有着积极的启示意义。

The original Enlightenment of the 18th century was built on the basis of the promotion and absoluteness of the implied rational spirit of natural science.Through the more fundamental premise of “the process of people's real life,” Karl Marx provided a set of “new Enlightenment” philosophical principles.This is based on historical materialism.It is the promotion of natural sciences as historical science,and the promotion and implementation of enlightening humanitarianism as practical humanitarianism.It fundamentally changes the philosophical foundation,the thinking logic,and the direction of criticism of the original Enlightenment.It is an overall transcendence of the original Enlightenment,as well as the unity of facts and values,explanatory and revolutionary,historical and practical,scientific and humanitarian.This “new Enlightenment” has positive implications for the current ideological and cultural development and socialist system civilization.