微生物源谷氨酰胺转胺酶修饰蛋白质机理及其在食品方面的应用进展

Catalytic mechanisms of microbial transglutaminase in modification of protein and its applications in food processing

谷氨酰胺转氨酶(transglutaminase,EC2. 3. 2. 13,TGase)是一种能够催化蛋白质发生聚合反应的酶类,来源于动物、植物和微生物,该酶可以催化蛋白质发生交联、脱酰胺和糖基化反应,从而改变蛋白质的功能性质,提高食品的营养、风味和口感。其中微生物源谷氨酰胺转氨酶(microbial transglutaminase,MTGase)在食品中应用最广泛。该文主要介绍MTGase的酶学性质、活性结构以及上述3种反应的催化机理,并根据机理分类阐述了MTGase在食品工业近年的应用,以期对MTGase的深入研究和在食品工业化应用等方面提供理论依据。

Transglutaminase( EC2. 3. 2. 13,TGase),derived from animals,plants or microorganisms,specifically catalyzes the cross linking,deamidation or glycosylation of protein and hence changes the functional properties of protein and improves the nutrition,flavor and taste of food. Among them,microbial transglutaminase( MTGase) is widely used in food processing. Recent research achievements on properties,active structure,catalytic mechanisms of MTGase and its application in the food industry were introduced and summarized,for the sake of providing theoretical basis for further study.