“三治结合”乡村治理体系的渊源与趋向

The origin and development trend of the rural governance system based on modes of "autonomy,rule of law and rule of virtue"

在中国传统社会,乡村自治表现为依靠宗族、乡绅的自治;法治表现为礼法秩序;德治则指依靠"维系着私人的道德"进行的治理。现代乡村治理体系根源于悠长的历史传统而又与时俱进。但是,在当下某些区域的乡村治理中,还存在着自治深度不够、效率低下,法治贯彻不彻底、不完善,德治被放空、难以真正发挥其效用,自治、法治、德治三者各行其是,没有形成体系等问题。解决上述问题,需要确立明确的道德标准,建立健全德治相关机制;继续加强法律的普及工作,依法行政、依法治村,提高民众的法制意识;结合道德、法律、习俗来完善乡规民约,规范民主选举程序,建立健全治理有效的自治、法治、德治机制。从而做到自治、法治和德治的结合,推动乡村治理走向善治。

In traditional Chinese society,rural autonomymeans self-governanceof clan and squire,rule of law refers to the governance based on the ritual and order,the rule of virtue refers to the governance based on private morals.Modern rural governance system is rooted in long historical tradition and keeps pace with the time.However,there are still many problems in rural governance in some areas such as insuffucient and ineffecient autonomy,incomplete and imperfect rule of law,and weak rule of morals.Thus,we should establish clear moral standards and sound mechanisms related to moral governance.Second,the government and village committees should continue strengthening the popularization of the law to raise people's awareness.Finally,we should improvethe local rules and regulationsaccording to morals,laws and customs,standardize the procedure of democratic election,and establish and improve the effective mechanism of autonomy,rule by law and rule by virtueto promote rural governance towards good governance.