“这个”与无限——黑格尔耶拿逻辑学与形而上学中独特的真无限问题

“This” and infinite: The unique problem of the true infinite in Hegel's Jena logic and metaphysics

真无限必定是实无限,即在每一"这个"上都具体可认知的无限。但问题在于:无限存在只能被直接接受;而有限思维又不能真正认识无限存在自身。前者导致无限的直接性问题,后者导致思维的空洞性问题。黑格尔解决这两个问题分为三步:首先建立有限"这个"间的类比关系;然后说明诸"这个"的本质可以用它们间的相互类比来定义,并进而将诸交互相关的定义收摄入无限的定义集;最后证明此定义集就是无限本质的自身表现。而真无限的表现活动,就是诸"这个"相互变换和相互关涉着向着自身收敛的活动,在这一活动中,层层的收敛关系构造着层层"这个"的实存。而"这个"无限就是诸"这个"的连续收摄层级中的最高级,是世界的类本质。

The true infinite must be the actual infinite,and its every concrete moment("This")should be recognized.However it is problematic that the infinite being can only be accepted directly,whereas the finite thinking can never recognize the infinity really.Hence the problem lies both in the immediacy of infinite being and in the voidness of finite thought.To solve this problem,Hegel takes three steps:1.to represent the analogy between"this"and"that";2.to define the essence of"this"by this analogy,and to converge the definitions in an infinite set;3.to prove that this set is also the self-expressiveness of the infinite.The self-presentation of the true infinite unfolds in the process,which"this"and"that"can refer to and represent each other,so that each"this"as a set holds the others in itself.The existence of"this"is thus constituted at the stage,on which a"this"retains a"that"within itself and at the same time is converged by another"that"in a higher set.Moreover,"this"infinite is the highest level of the continuous development from a smaller set to a larger one,and it is thus the essence of the process of genus.