四川省卫生资源配置的地理公平性研究

Research on geographical equity of health resources allocation in Sichuan Province

[目的]了解2016年四川省卫生资源配置的地域公平性,为卫生资源的优化配置提供依据。[方法]通过收集2016年四川省21个市(州)的医疗机构数量、卫生人力和床位数量等数据,并且运用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和泰尔指数进行地理公平性评价。[结果]四川省2016年各类卫生资源的基尼系数为0.5104～0.6156,总体泰尔指数为0.3741～0.6630;将21个市(州)按照经济发展情况划分为3个区域后,区域内的泰尔指数为0.0925～0.1832,区域间的泰尔指数为0.2815～0.4799,区域间贡献率达到70%以上。[结论]四川省卫生资源配置存在地理不公平现象。因此,卫生行政部门在优化资源配置时,应该兼顾地理公平性和人口公平性,并且通过提升"互联网+医疗"健康服务水平,进而提高卫生服务的可及性。

Objective To know the geographical equity of health resources allocation in Si Chuan Province in 2016 so as to provide basis for optimizing health resources allocation.Methods Collected the data of medical institutions,health manpower and the number of beds from 21 cities(prefectures)in Sichuan Province in 2016.It evaluated the geographical equity of health resources allocation by Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient and Theil Index.Results The Gini Coefficient of all kinds of health resources was between 0.5104 and 0.6156,and total Thiel Index was between 0.3741 and 0.6630.Regional contribution rate reached over 70%.Conclusions The geographical inequity exists in the allocation of health resources in Sichuan Province.Therefore,the health administrative department should give consideration to two or more things of geographical and population fairness when optimize resources allocation.Meanwhile,develop and improve accessibility of health service through promoting“internet+medical”health service level.