云南某农村肥胖和高尿酸血症与膳食习惯相关性分析

Analysis on the correlation among obesity,hyperuricemia and dietary habits in rural area of Yunnan Province

[目的]了解云南某农村居民肥胖及高尿酸血症的患病情况,同时用中国居民膳食宝塔(2016)中推荐的各类食物摄入量对被调查对象的膳食习惯进行评价,分析肥胖和高尿酸血症与膳食习惯的关系,为下一步慢性非传染性疾病的防治和营养干预方案设计提供理论依据。[方法]采用横断面研究的方法,选取云南某农村513名18岁以上居民作为研究对象。采用符合当地食物特征的食物频率表进行膳食习惯调查,测量身高、体重,计算体质指数(BMI)和抽取调查对象清晨空腹静脉血进行尿酸测定。采用Logistic回归分析肥胖和高尿酸血症与膳食习惯的关系。[结果]和中国居民膳食宝塔(2016)相比,调查对象食物摄入普遍达不到中国居民平衡膳食宝塔(2016)的推荐摄入量;肥胖率为4.1%,尿酸水平异常率为20.7%;肥胖和高尿酸血症人群各类食物的摄入量与正常人群相比存在差异,但大部分差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05); Logistic回归分析各类食物对45岁以下和45岁以上年龄组肥胖和高尿酸水平的影响因素显示:蔬菜摄入量不符合中国居民平衡膳食宝塔(2016)的人群患肥胖的危险是符合标准人群的0.269倍、患高尿酸血症的危险是符合标准人群的6.324倍;水果摄入量不符合膳食指南标准的人群患高尿酸血症的危险是符合标准人群的0.475倍。[结论]云南省某农村居民不同种类的食物摄入量与中国居民平衡膳食宝塔(2016)存在较大差异,可看出当地居民对中国居民平衡膳食宝塔知晓率较低。加强农村居民合理膳食等相关宣传教育,建立健康膳食习惯对于预防慢性非传染性疾病具有非常重要的意义。

Objective To know sick status of obesity and hyperuricemia in rural area of Yunnan Province and evaluate the food intake of respondents by the Balance Diet Pagoda for Chinese Residents(2016).It analyzes the relationship amongn obesity,hyperuricemia and dietary habits in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of chronic disease and nutritional interventions design.Methods The cross-sectional study was used and 513 over 18 years old residents were recruited in this research.It used food frequency table to investigate the food which conformed to local food characteristic.Measured height and weight,calculated Body Mass Index(BMI),extracted morning fasting venous blood of all subjects to conduct trioxypurine test.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship of obesity,hyperuricemia and dietary habits.Results Compared with the Balance Diet Pagoda for Chinese Residents(2016),food intake of most respondents could not reached RN(recommended nutrient intake).The obesity rate was 4.1%and trioxypurine level abnormal rate was 20.7%.There was a little difference with obesity,hyperuricemia and normal populations in all kinds of food intake.But most of the differences had not statistically significant(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence factor for all kinds of food to different age group(<45 and≥45),the result showed that the risk of obesity whose vegetables intake inconformity standard was 0.269 times than that of standard population,and hyperuricemia was 6.324 times than that of standard population,the risk of hyperuricemia whose fruits intake inconformity standard was 0.475 times than that of standard population.Conclusions There is significant differences between different types of food intake of local residents in Yunnan compare with the balanced diet pagoda(2016)in China,so we can see that local residents have lower knowledge of balanced diet pagoda(2016)in China.We should enhance the publicity and education of reasonable diet and build up healthy dietary habits with all-important significance for preventing and controlling chronic non-infectious diseases.