国外贫困与儿童语言发展研究的回顾与展望

Overseas Studies on Poverty and Children's Language Development: Retrospect and Prospect

自20世纪70年代以来,贫困与儿童语言发展问题逐渐成为一个独立的课题,此后国际学者从心理学、教育学、语言学、社会学、神经科学等多个学科领域展开了相关问题的理论与实证研究,研究成果丰硕。本文对贫困与儿童语言发展这一论题的国外相关研究进行回顾,探讨该课题的研究历史、现状和趋势,并从多学科的角度对看待贫困儿童语言能力的观点和理论基础以及贫困对儿童语言发展的影响因素及机制进行综述。在此基础上,指出国外研究成果对我国贫困与儿童语言发展研究及实践的启示。

Since the 1970s,the interplay between poverty and children's language development has gradually become a specialized area of study.Up to now,international scholars have carried out theoretical and empirical studies on related issues from psychology,pedagogy,linguistics,sociology,neuroscience and other disciplines.This paper reviews these overseas studies on poverty and children's language development in order to explore the historical development,current status,and trend of this research topic.It also summarizes the viewpoints and theoretical basis of the language ability of poor children as well as the influencing factors and mechanisms of poverty on children’s language development from a multidisciplinary perspective.Finally,the paper points out the implication of these overseas studies for relevant research and practice in China.