高蒸发温度下小型太阳能单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组性能试验研究

Experimental study on performance of small solar energy single-effect LiBr absorption refrigeration unit under high evaporating temperature

传统太阳能单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组制取冷冻水承担建筑空调负荷,为了同时消除建筑空调显热和潜热负荷,需要较高集热温度驱动以获得较低蒸发温度,从而导致机组COP不高、太阳能利用温区窄和设备初投资偏高等问题。结合温湿度独立控制空调系统特点,可利用太阳能单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组提供较高温度冷水承担建筑空调显热负荷,使制冷机组的蒸发温度显著增加,实现提高机组性能、扩大太阳能利用温区和降低集热器初投资的效果。为了验证高蒸发温度下太阳能单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组性能,自行设计并搭建一台小型太阳能单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组试验装置,研究热源温度、蒸发温度和冷凝温度对机组性能的影响,为进一步开发吸收/压缩复合制冷机组奠定基础。

The traditional solar energy single-effect LiBr absorption refrigeration unit bears the load of building air-conditioning by chilled water.In order to eliminate the sensible heat and latent heat loads of building air-conditioning at the same time,it needs to be driven by higher collector temperature to obtain lower evaporating temperature,which leads to the issue of low COP,narrow temperature zone of solar energy utilization and high initial investment of equipment.Combined with the characteristics of temperature and humidity independent control for air-conditioning system,the solar energy single-effect absorption refrigeration unit can be used to provide chilled water with higher temperature to bear the sensible heat load of building air-conditioning,making the evaporating temperature of refrigeration unit increasing obviously,so that higher COP of the unit,wider temperature zone of solar energy utilization and lower initial investment of collectors can be obtained.In order to verify the performance of solar energy single-effect LiBr absorption refrigeration unit under high evaporating temperature,a test device for small solar energy single-effect LiBr absorption refrigeration unit is designed and built.The influence of heat source temperature,evaporating temperature and condensing temperature on the performance of the unit is studied,which lays a foundation for further development of absorption-compression composite refrigeration unit.