玉米自交系京92遗传改良研究

Genetic improvement of inbred line Jing 92 in maize

【目的】对京科968父本自交系京92进行遗传改良,为选育早熟、高产、多抗的优良自交系奠定基础。【方法】利用自交系京92与同群优系京2416杂交后选育的280份改良自交系为材料,调查花期、植株、穗部、产量等性状,分析京92在花期、植株、穗部和产量性状的改良效果。【结果】280份改良系与京92在花期、植株、穗部和产量性状上均呈显著性差异,且各个性状都存在较大的变异系数。其中有69.23%的改良系吐丝期早于京92,31.81%的改良系穗位高低于京92,30.77%的改良系株高低于京92,34.34%的改良系穗长大于京92,79.53%的改良系穗粗大于京92,22.82%的改良系行粒数多于京92,70.00%的改良系穗行数多于京92,23.49%的改良系收获时籽粒含水量低于京92,44.63%的改良系单株产量高于京92。【结论】通过同群优良自交系京2416对自交系京92进行遗传改良,产生的后代变异类型丰富,选育出了12个比京92花期早、植株性状、穗部性状和产量性状都优良的自交系。

【Objective】Genetic improvement of inbred line Jing92(Jingke968's male parent)was carried out to lay the foundation for the selection of excellent inbred lines with early matures,high yield and multi-resistance in maize.【Methods】The inbred lines Jing 92and improved 280inbred lines were used as materials in the study.The traits of flowering,plant,ear and yield were investigated and the genetic improvement of inbred line Jing 92and 280inbred lines in agronomic traits and yield traits were analyzed.【Results】Agronomic traits and yield traits among the 281inbred lines were of significant difference and there was a large variation in the coefficient of traits.The results indicated that about 69.23%of recombinant inbred lines were earlier than Jing 92in the silking stage,31.81%of recombinant inbred lines were lower than Jing 92in the height of ears,30.77%of recombinant inbred lines were lower than Jing 92in the height of plant,34.34%of recombinant inbred lines were greater than Jing92in the length of ears,79.53%of recombinant inbred lines were greater than Jing 92in the width of ears.The number of kernel number per row of 22.82%of recombinant inbred lines is higher than that of Jing 92,70.00%of recombinant inbred lines had higher number of kernel row number than that of Jing 92,23.49%of recombinant inbred lines were lower than Jing 92in water kernel content,and the yield per plant of 44.63%of recombinant inbred lines was higher than that of Jing 92.【Conclusion】Through the genetic improvement of the excellent inbred line Jing 92with the same group inbred line Jing 2416,the resulting off spring was rich in variety,and 12excellent inbred line with early flowering stages,plant traits,panicle traits and yield traits were selected.