豫西红花大金元烤烟特殊天气调制工艺探讨

Discussion of Special Weather Modulation Techniques for Safflower Gold Yuan Tobacco in Western Henan Province

2017年豫西灵宝市、卢氏县、渑池县示范种植了红花大金元烤烟,但受前期干旱后期雨涝的影响,中上部烟叶贪青晚熟,烤后烟叶蒸片、花片、含青等严重,为探索特殊天气下的烤烟工艺,开展了中上部叶混采混烤新工艺与传统工艺对比试验。结果表明,采用新工艺调制时间缩短6 h,节煤0.17 kg/kg(干烟),省电0.01 k W·h/kg(干烟),烤出的原烟结构尚疏松,身份中等,含青率降低10.49百分点,上等烟比例提高12.34百分点,中等烟比例提高5.89百分点,烟叶产量降低85.09 kg/hm^2,产值提高4 043.79元/hm^2,对烟叶内在化学成分无明显影响,烟叶整体品质有所提高。

In 2017,safflower gold yuan flue-cured tobacco was demonstration planted in Lingbao City,Lushi County and Mianchi County in western Henan Province.However,it was affected by early drought and later rains and waterlogging.The upper and middle leaves were late-maturing.After flue-cured,the leaves steamed,flower and green were serious.In order to explore the flue-cured tobacco technology under special weather,a comparative experiment was carried out between the new technology of mixed harvesting and baking of middle and upper leaves and the traditional technology.The results show that the new process can shorten the preparation time by 6 hours,save coal by 0.17 kg/kg(dry smoke),save electricity by 0.01 kW·h/kg(dry smoke).The structure of flue-cured tobacco was loose,its identity was medium,its green content was reduced by 10.49 percentage points,the proportion of superior tobacco increased by 12.34 percentage points,the proportion of middle tobacco increased by 5.89 percentage points,the yield of tobacco decreased by 85.09 kg/hm2 and the output value increased by 4 043.79 yuan/hm2,there was no obvious effect on the internal chemical composition of tobacco leaves and the overall quality of tobacco leaves was improved.