云南高原1～30km^2天然小湖泊藻类研究初报

Research on Algae in Small Natural Plateau Lakes with the Area between 1 to 30 km^2

2013年秋季,首次对云南1～30 km^2天然小湖泊的自然地理、社会经济、水质和生态现状进行了综合调查,本文报道了藻类研究成果。初步分类鉴定,云南天然小湖泊共有藻类8门85属217种,其中,绿藻门30属87种;硅藻门27属66种;蓝藻门19属44种;裸藻门3属7种;甲藻门2属5种;金藻门1属4种;隐藻门2属3种;黄藻门1属1种。藻类现存量在30.58～10289.13×10~4cells/L,石林月湖最少,祥云青海湖最高。分别报道了20个天然小湖泊藻类现状,讨论了藻类多样性与种类组成、藻类群结构与湖泊营养化状态、藻类现存量与湖泊营养化状态的关系,并将云南20个天然小湖泊划分为四类保护治理类型,其中,保护型小湖泊5个;预防型小湖泊3个;防治型小湖泊8个;治理型湖泊4个。提出了各类型小湖泊生态调控对策与建议。

A comprehensive survey on the natural status,social economy,water quality and ecological situation of the small natural plateau lakes in Yunnan was firstly conducted in the autumn of 2013.The algae observed in the small lakes were classified.There were 217 species of 85 genera,8 phyla in total.Among which,there were 87 species of 30 genera,chlorophyte;66 species of 27 genera,chrysophytax;44 species of 19 genera,cyanophyta;7 species of 3 genera,euglenophyta;5 species of 2 genera,pyrrhophyta;4 species of 1 genera,chrysophyta;3 species of 2 genera,ceyphophyta;1 species of 1 genera,xanthophyta.The standing stock of the algae was 30.58 to 10289.13×10^4cells/L.Yuehu Lake in Shilin County had the least stock,but Qinghai Lake in Xiangyun County had the most.The current situation of the algae in twenty small lakes was introduced.The composition and diversity of the algae were discussed.The relationship between the eutrophication state and the structure of the algae and its standing stock was examined.Four categories of lake management were classified.Five small lakes were protection mode.Three lakes belonged to prevention mode.There were eight small lakes classified as controlling type.Four small lakes were identified as treating mode.In the end,the ecological protection and controlling measures to different categories of lake were put forward.