基于元胞自动机的城市施工路段车辆变道行为研究

Lane Changing Behavior of Vehicles in Urban Road Work Zone Based on Cellular Automata

为了研究城市施工路段的车辆逐日变道行为,考虑施工路段车辆行驶特性,建立了微观元胞自动机模型;为了描述车辆逐日出行的变道位置改变,建立了宏观变道位置日变模型;结合微观模型与宏观模型进行数值模拟,分析了演化天数、每日仿真时间、车辆密度和可接受度等对两车道平均车速大小及波动、各位置变道概率、车辆时空演变及交通流相变等交通特征的影响。结果表明:随着车辆密度的增加,两车道的平均车速均降低,通行车道车速振荡幅度增加,车速变化频率加快;车辆变道位置随着演化天数而向前转移且趋于稳定;车辆密度提高时,通行车道交通流由自由相转化为堵塞相的现象增加;各位置变道概率对可接受度在(1,2)间变化时不敏感。

In order to study the vehicle daily lane changing behavior of urban road work zone,a microscopic cellular automaton model was established with the consideration of driving characteristics of the work zone;in order to describe the change of lane changing location of vehicles in daily travel,a macroscopic diurnal change model of lane changing location was established.Combined with the microscopic model and the macroscopic model,the numerical simulation was carried out.The influence of evolution days,daily simulation time,vehicle density and acceptability on the traffic characteristics such as the average vehicle speed and fluctuation of two-lane,the probability of lane change at different locations,the temporal and spatial evolution of vehicle and the phase change of traffic flow were analyzed.The results show that with the increase of vehicle density,the average vehicle speed of two-lane decreases,the oscillation amplitude of the vehicle speed increases,and the change of frequency in vehicle speed accelerates.The location of vehicle changing lane moves forward with the evolutionary days and tends to be stable.When the vehicle density increases,the phenomenon that the traffic flow of the lane changing from the free phase to the blocking phase increases.The probability of lane changing at different location is not sensitive to the change of acceptability between(1,2).