科学学会的功能演化过程研究——中国力学学会和辽宁省造船工程学会的纵向案例分析

Function of the science society and its evolutionary process: the longitudinal case study on Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and the Liaoning province Society of Marine Engineering

科学学会在国家创新体系中所承担的重要功能已经广受关注,有必要考察我国科学学会功能的演化过程及其未来演化趋势。本文采用纵向探索性案例研究方法,对中国力学学会和辽宁造船工程学会20年功能演变的历程进行考察,得到以下结论:一是科学学会所从事的知识活动具有"全息性",即科学学会不仅仅从事知识转移活动,还同时发挥了促进知识生产和应用的作用;二是无论偏重基础科学研究还是偏重应用科学研究的科学学会,在坚持知识转移作为科学学会核心功能的同时,还应看到知识生产、知识转移和知识应用三类功能均衡发展,实现三类功能之间互促和耦合,这种耦合关系伴随学会的发展呈现趋强的趋势。

The important functions of scientific societies in the national innovation system have attracted wide attention.It is necessary to investigate the evolution process of the functions of Chinese scientific societies and their future trends.In this paper,a longitudinal exploratory case study method is used to investigate the evolution of the functions of the Chinese Society of Mechanics and Liaoning Society of Shipbuilding Engineering in the past 20 years.The following findings are obtained:Firstly,the knowledge activities of the Scientific Society are“holographic”.That is to say,the Scientific Society not only engages in knowledge transfer activities,but also promotes the role of knowledge production and application.Secondly,regardless of the emphasis on basic science research or applied science research,while insisting on the knowledge transfer of academic exchange as the core function of scientific society,we should also see the balanced development of knowledge production,knowledge transfer and knowledge application,realizing the mutual promotion and coupling among the three functions.The development trend of the relationship is stronger along with the development of the society.