中亚地区传染病发病趋势分析

Analysis of Morbidity Trend of Infectious Diseases in Central Asia Along the China-Proposed Belt and Road Initiative

目的:研究"一带一路"沿线中亚地区传染病的发病趋势和流行特点。方法:系统查阅世界卫生组织等权威网站信息及文献资料,采用文献归纳分析法和专家咨询论法,分析总结中亚地区2009-2013年间传染病发病的区域特点。结果:在世界卫生组织报告的23种疾病中,2013年中亚6国报告发病的有白喉、百日咳、风疹、黄热病、霍乱、脊髓灰质炎、结核病、利什曼病、流行性腮腺炎、麻风病、麻疹、疟疾、破伤风、先天性风疹综合征、新生儿破伤风、艾滋病等16种。与中国相比,发病率较高的传染病主要有结核病、利什曼病、百日咳、艾滋病、疟疾、霍乱、脊髓灰质炎、麻风病、破伤风、新生儿破伤风等10种。结论:中亚地区发病严重的传染病有结核病、利什曼病、百日咳、艾滋病以及流行性腮腺炎。与中亚国家进行国际交流合作时,应当重视这些传染病的防控。

Objective;To study the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia along the Belt and Road Initiative. Methods;Through systematic review of information and literature of authoritative websites such as World Health Organization(WHO), the paper summarized and analyzed the regional characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia from 2009 to 2013 by using literature induction analysis and expert consultation measures. Results;Among the 23 diseases reported in the World Health Organization,16 diseases were reported in the 6 countries of Central Asian countries in 2013-diphtheria, pertussis, rubella, yellow fever, cholera, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, leishmaniosis, epidemic parotitis, leprosy, Measles, malaria, tetanus, congenital rubella syndrome, neonatal tetanus, AIDS etc. Compared with China, the incidence of 10 diseases, such as AIDS, malaria, cholera, polio, leprosy, tetanus, and neonatal tetanus etc.is higher in Central Asia. Conclusion;Serious infectious diseases in Central Asia are tuberculosis, leishmaniosis, whooping cough, AIDS and mumps. In the international exchange and cooperation with Central Asia, the prevention and control of such infectious diseases should be emphasized.