突发性环境污染事故损害成本测算方法研究

Study on Calculating Method for Damage Cost of Sudden Environmental Pollution Accidents

针对当前环境污染事故损害成本测算时间过长,测算准确性较低的问题,提出一种突发性环境污染事故损害成本测算方法。建立了大气污染成本、海水污染成本和固体废弃物污染成本三种突发性环境污染事故损害测算指标。从死亡赔偿损失、住院经济损失、发病失能经济损失三个方面对大气污染成本指标进行成本测算;从海水的重置成本、海生物多样性的损失成本、渔业损失成本三个方面对海水污染成本指标进行成本测算。在三种测算指标中,大气污染造成的经济损失所占比重最大,且所提方法的测算时间较短,测算准确率较高,可达80%左右。

In order to solve the long prediction time and low prediction accuracy for determining the damage of environmental pollution accidents,a method for calculating the cost of environmental pollution accident damage is put forward.Three indexes of environmental pollution damage were established,such as air pollution cost,seawater pollution cost and solid waste pollution cost.This paper calculates the cost of air pollution from three aspects:compensation for death,economic loss for hospitalization and economic loss for incapacitation.The replacement cost of seawater,the cost of loss of marine biodiversity,and the cost of fishery loss were calculated from three aspects of the cost index of sea water pollution.The experimental results show that the economic loss caused by air pollution is the largest among the three indexes,and the time of calculation is shorter,and the accuracy of measurement is higher,which can reach about 80%.