HIV/AIDS患者的16PF人格特征及其影响因素分析

Analysis of personality characteristics and its influencing factors in HIV/AIDS patients by 16PF

目的探讨HIV/AIDS患者(PLWHA)的人格特征,为该类患者的生物-心理-社会治疗及心理干预等提供理论依据。方法选取2015年5月至2016年7月在南宁市第四人民医院门诊及住院治疗的PLWHA共239例为调查对象,采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)对患者进行一对一调查分析。结果 HIV/AIDS患者的人格特征总体情况处于中间水平,其16种因素标准得分平均值4～7分,与中国成人常模比较差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。男性PLWHA的恃强性(E)、实验性(Q1)、独立性(Q2)因子分显著低于女性,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);不同年龄PLWHA的敢为性(H)、敏感性(I)因子分比较差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05),30岁以下组PLWHA的H分、I分较高。家人不同态度对PLWHA的世故性(N)、实验性(Q1)和独立性(Q2)因子分的影响差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);家庭关系对PLWHA的聪慧性(B)、敏感性(I)、世故性(N)、实验性(Q1)因子分的影响差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论 PLWHA的人格特征与中国成人常模比较存在显著差异,患者的性别、年龄以及家人态度、家庭关系等对其人格特征有重要的影响。在给予PLWHA药物治疗的同时要进行必要的心理干预,以便取得更好治疗效果,提高患者的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the personality characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients(PLWHA) and provide theoretical basis for bio-psycho-social treatment and psychological intervention. Methods A total of 239 PLWHA treated in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning from May 2015 to July 2016 were selected as study subjects and interviewed with Cartell’s 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire(16PF) one-to-one. Results The standard scores of 16 factors of personality characteristics in PLWHA were 4-7,the difference on 16 factors of standard scores between PLWHA and normal Chinese was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). The scores of dominance(E),openness to change(Q1),and self-reliance(Q2) in male PLWHA were lower than female PLWHA,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). The difference on scores of social boldness(H) and sensitivity(I) in different age of PLWHA was statistically significant(P < 0. 05),scores of H and I in under 30 years old PLWHA were higher. The difference on scores of shrewdness(N),openness to change(Q1) and self-reliance(Q2) in PLWHA with different family attitude was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). The difference on scores of reasoning(B),sensitivity(I),shrewdness(N) and openness to change(Q1) in PLWHA with different family relationship was statistically significant(P < 0. 05).Conclusion There is a significant difference on personality characteristics between PLWHA and normal Chinese. The gender,age,family attitude and family relationship have important influence on personality characteristics in PLWHA. Necessary psychological intervention should be carried out at the same time as PLWHA underwent medical treatment in order to achieve better therapeutic effects and improve the quality of life of patients.