膜下滴灌条件下盐荒地土壤盐分变化规律研究

Soil salinity dynamics in salt wasteland soil with drip irrigation under plastic film

基于对下野地灌区、金沟河灌区的试验监测,从土壤盐分年内、年际变化及其与地下水埋深的关系两个方面,研究膜下滴灌条件下盐荒地土壤盐分变化规律。研究结果表明:在年际间,下野地灌区、金沟河灌区实施膜下滴灌6～8 a的盐荒地块,深度在60～100 cm的土层土壤含盐率分别保持在0.5%、0.8%上下,形成稳定积盐层,在60cm以上土层土壤盐分基本处于动态平衡;在年内,盐荒地土壤盐分整体上呈现随生育期的推后而降低的趋势,0～60cm土层脱盐效果较为明显,春秋季是两个积盐的高峰期;下野地灌区、金沟河灌区地下水埋深年际均值为3.60、2.26 m,土壤含盐率年际均值为0.49%、0.77%,土壤盐分随地下水埋深的减小而增加,说明石河子垦区土壤含盐量受地下水埋深影响较为明显。

Based on the experiment data in the irrigation area of Xiayedi and Jingouhe,and data of intra-year and inter-year of the dynamic change of soil salinity and its relationship with groundwater level,we investigated the dynamics of soil salinity in salt wasteland soil with drip irrigation under film. The results indicated that: During the inter-year,there was a stable salt accumulated layer at about 60 ~ 100 cm deep in salt wasteland soil with drip irrigation under film after 6 ~ 8 years. The soil salinity of the irrigation area of Xiayedi and Jingouhe in this layer was almost constant around 0.5% and 0.8%,respectively,however,the soil salinity varied in the layers above 60 cm.The intra-year soil salinity had a trend of decreasing with growing seasons and particularly in the layer of 0 ~ 60 cm.In spring and autumn,the soil salt showed a rising trend. For inter-years,the soil salinity of the irrigation area of Xiayedi and Jingouhe was pretty constant around 0.49% and 0.77%,respectively,and the water level was around3.60 m and 2. 26 m deep. The soil salinity increased with decreasing groundwater level,idicating that the soil salinity in Shihezi reclamation area was significantly affected by the groundwater level.