敦煌乐谱解读的视点(二):曲名的视角——以P.3808V《伊州》《倾杯乐》为例

Interpretation of Dunhuang Music Score : From the Angle of Musical score name——The Perspective of Dunhuang Music Score Interpretation 2 : Perspective of Musical score name——Take "Yizhou" and "Qingbeiyue" as an example

敦煌乐谱今所见有三件,P.3719V是为《浣溪沙》残谱,P.3539V是记录"散打四声"等的二十谱字,三件中尤以P.3808V的敦煌乐谱所含内容最为充实和丰富。敦煌乐谱谱名所属性质是曲项四弦四相的琵琶演奏谱,是以燕乐半字谱形式记录的唐五代琵琶演奏谱。在P.3808V的敦煌乐谱中,乐曲首行右端中部往往以各曲曲名为为首,如出现的《倾杯乐》《急曲子》《又慢曲子》等曲名。本文以敦煌曲谱中的《伊州》与《倾杯乐》谱名为主,从曲谱的谱名出现与表现为视点,集中探讨敦煌乐谱的谱属、谱用等问题,且呈顽得之愚,餍之古谱研究,以促敦煌乐舞研究的不断向前发展。

There are three pieces of Dunhuang musical score,P.3719V is Damaged music score for"Huan Xi Sha",P.3539 is the 20 words to record"Sanda si sheng"and so on.Among the three pieces musical score,P.3808 undefined Dunhuang music contains the most substantial and rich contents.The property of Dunhuang musical score is the pipa playing spectrum with four strings and four phases,which is recorded in the form of the half-character spectrum of Yan music in the Tang and the five dynasties.In the Dunhuang musical score of P.3808 of Dunhuang,the middle of the first line of music is usually headed by the names of each song,such as"Qingbeiyue","urgent tune","slow tune"and so on.This paper mainly focuses on the Musical score name of"Yi Zhou"and"Qingbeiyue"in Dunhuang musical score,from the point of view of the appearance and expression of the musical title names of the musical score,and focuses on the problems such as the attribute and use of the music of Dunhuang musical score,etc and tries to promote the research on Dunhuang music dance.