连作栽培对露地草莓根际土壤真菌群落结构的影响

Effect of Continuous-cropping on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure of Outdoor Strawberry

【目的】草莓作为主要经济作物之一,在我国长期保持着大规模的种植水平,根据种植模式不同可分为设施草莓和露地草莓。由于露地草莓的常年连作栽培,连作障碍发生严重,阻碍了露地草莓生产的可持续发展。【方法】本文以"甜查理(Sweet Charlie)"为供试草莓品种,运用Illumina高通量测序技术研究非连作栽培露地草莓(S0_Fu)、连作栽培未发生连作障碍露地草莓(S1_Fu)和发生连作障碍露地草莓(S2_Fu)的根际土壤的真菌群落结构。【结果】S0_Fu的真菌种群丰度和多样性明显高于S1_Fu和S2_Fu,且发生连作障碍比未发生连作障碍的根际土真菌丰度和多样性降低效应更为明显。此外,关键的有益真菌(粘红酵母Rhodotorula glutinis、无梗囊霉Acaulosporaceae sp.)等种群大幅下降,而病原真菌数量(棒孢拟盘多毛孢Neopestalotiopsis clavispora)显著增多,这是导致露地草莓连作障碍发生的土壤微生物(真菌类)关键因子。【结论】该研究结果为今后改善连作土壤生态环境、治理露地草莓连作障碍提供了理论基础。

【Objective】Strawberry was one of the main economic crops and maintained a large-scale cultivation level for a long time in China.According to different production mode,it was divided into facility strawberry and outdoor strawberry.Continuous-cropping obstacle was widespread and serious due to the continuous-cropping phenomenon of outdoor strawberry,which hindered the sustainable development of outdoor strawberry production.【Method】‘Sweet Charlie’was chosen as the tested strawberry variety,the rhizosphere soil fungal community structure of none continuous-cropping outdoor strawberry(S0_Fu),continuous-cropping outdoor strawberry without continuous-cropping obstacle(S1_Fu)and continuous-cropping outdoor strawberry with continuous-cropping obstacle(S2_Fu)were analyzed by Illumina high throughput sequencing technology.【Result】The fungal abundance and diversity of S0_Fu rhizosphere soil were the highest among all the samples,followed by that of S1_Fu,which were significantly higher than that of S2_Fu.Moreover,population of beneficial fungi such as Rhodotorula glutinis and Acaulosporaceae sp.had decreases dramatically,while the number of pathogenic fungi(Neopestalotiopsis clavispora)significantly increased.Above all,these two kinds of fungi were also the key factors of continuous-cropping obstacle for outdoor strawberry from the aspect of rhizosphere soil fungal community.【Conclusion】This study provided a theoretical basis for the future improvement of continuous-cropping soil ecological environment and management of outdoor strawberry continuous-cropping obstacle.