城镇化的不平等、市民化与居民健康水平

The Inequality Effect of Urbanization,Citizenization and the Health of Residents

结合中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)2014年调查数据,探讨了城镇化的不平等效应对农业转移人口健康水平的影响。研究发现,总体上看,城镇化的不平等效应损害了农业转移人口健康状况。进一步使用社会阶层衡量城镇化的不平等效应并进行稳健性检验,结果仍然显著。具体来看,作为结果的收入不平等对农业转移人口的健康影响最显著,同时,机会不平等和能力不平等对农业转移人口的健康影响同样重要。此外,对比第二产业从业和居住条件较好的农业转移人口,城镇化的不平等效应对第三产业从业和居住条件较差的农业转移人口健康影响更显著。最后,户籍制度,尤其是其背后隐藏的巨大社会福利差异,加剧了城镇化的不平等效应对农业转移人口健康水平的不利影响,而市民化水平的提高可以减弱这一不利影响。

This paper uses CLDS(2014)survey data to discuss the inequality effects of urbanization and its influence on the health of rural migrants. The study finds that the inequality effects of urbanization have caused a negative effect on the health of rural migrants. From the eight aspects of health, the inequality effect of urbanization decreases the general health, mental health,vitality,physical pain,physical abilities,emotional abilities,and physiological function,but it is not significant to social function. Furthermore,we use social classes to measure the inequality effects of urbanization,and it is also robust,specifically on the health of rural migrants,to which opportunity inequality and capacity inequality are equally important. What′s more,compared with the rural migratory population which has a second industrial employment and good living condition,the health effect of the rural migratory population which has a third industrial employment and poor living condition is more significant. At last,the household registration system,especially the difference of social welfare hidden behind it,greatly increases the inequality effects of urbanization on the health of rural migrants,however,citizenization can decrease this negative effect.