贵阳地区孕妇人群MTHFR C677T基因多态性分布研究

Study on distributions of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism among pregnant women in Guiyang region

目的探讨贵阳地区孕妇5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)C677T基因多态性分布特征,为科学补充叶酸提供依据。方法选取2017年1月～2018年6月贵州省人民医院孕检孕妇2644例,利用PCR-荧光探针法检测MTHFR C677T位点基因型,统计分析贵阳地区汉族与少数民族女性C677T基因多态性分布特征的差异,与已报到的其他地区汉族及少数民族女性比较。结果贵阳地区汉族女性MTHFR C677T位点CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为37.8%、48.3%、13.9%,C、T等位基因频率分别为61.9%、38.1%,与贵阳地区苗族女性比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),与布依族、侗族、土家族女性比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);与江苏、琼海、南宁、惠州、西安、宁夏、烟台、廊坊、长春、尚志比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),与成都、昆明比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与柳州苗族、三江侗族、三亚黎族、延边朝鲜族女性比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),与巴东土家族、大理白族、银川回族比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论贵阳地区孕妇MTHFR C677T基因多态性分布在不同民族之间以及与其他地区之间比较有一定差异,具有地区和民族特点。

Objective To explore the distributions of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)C677T gene polymorphisms among pregnant women in Guiyang region,provide a theoretical basis of scientific supplementation of folic acid.Methods From January 2017 to June 2018,in Guizhou Provincial People′s Hospital,2644 pregnant women in Guiyang region were selected,the genotype of MTHFR C677T was detected by PCR-fluorescence probing.The distribution of C677T gene polymorphisms among Han and the ethnic minority women in Guiyang were analyzed statistically,then the results were compared with data of Han women reported and other ethnic minorities women in other regions had been reported before.Results The frequencies of CC,CT and TT of MTHFR C677T genotypes were 37.8%,48.3%and 13.9%,frequencies of C,T alleles were 61.9%and 38.1%of Han women in Guiyang region,these were compared with Miao women,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),compared with women of Buyi,Dong and Tujia nationalities,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),Compared with the Han women in Guiyang and the Han women in Jiangsu,Qionghai,Nanning,Huizhou,Xian,Ningxia,Yantai,Langfang,Changchun,Shangzhi,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),no statistically differences between Guiyang and Chengdu,Kunming(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences between Miao women in Liuzhou,Dong women in Sanjiang,Li women in Sanya,Chaoxian women in Yanbian,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),no statistically differences with Tujia women in Badong,Bai women in Dali,Hui women in Yinchuang(P>0.05).Conclusion The distributions of MTHFR C677T genes polymorphisms among women of childbearing age in Guiyang are different in various minorities and areas, which have national specificity and regional specificity.