西夏语的引述句与言说义动词初探

A Preliminary Study of Quotations and “SAY” Verbs in Tangut

本文以出土的西夏文佛经文献为语料,分析西夏语的引述句。直接引述句无标记或使用■作为引语标记;间接引述句使用■或■作为引语标记。西夏语言说动词的语义功能与语法功能的变化,体现了由实义动词语法化为引语标记的演变。

Based on the analysis of Tangut Buddhist texts and translations from Chinese classics,the quotations in Tangut may be divided into two categories,the direct ones and indirect ones.The present paper aims to discuss the differentiation between them in Tangut texts.Direct quotations are formed with zero marker or with a quotative marker■[·ji^2](■[·ji^1]),while indirect ones are formed with a quotative marker■[·ji^2](■[·ji^1])or a compound quotative marker■■[·ji^2djij^2](■■[·ji^1djij^2])at the end of the quotations.It is testified through cross-linguistic typological studies that the semantic verb‘say’may frequently evolve into a quotative marker.The semantic and grammatical functions of■[·ji^2]in quotation constructions reflect its grammaticalization from an independent verb to a grammatical marker.