多元人类世:打碎一种总体化话语

The multiple Anthropocenes: toward fracturing a totalising discourse

近年,在环境思维中,一种围绕"后自然"观和"后野生"观形成的新管理哲学已经流行开来。这种话语经常用"人类世"这一术语来把握一个全新的思想和管理哲学大时代。看一看可能被称为"陆地"人类世、"大气"人类世、"海洋"人类世之间存在的差异,就会发现,尽管该术语引起了嘈杂的议论,但这种话语比最初出现时更加支离破碎。为了取代趋向总体化的人类世话语,应当或至少要有一种更为缜密的关于多元人类世的话语。对于趋向总体化的人类世话语容易带来的漠视使用通用语言现象,也应当引起人们注意。"自然"和"野生"的概念都仍然富有活力,欧洲越来越引人注目的再野生化(rewilding)努力某种程度上证明了这一点。即使在一个出现重大的人类世变化的大时代,有关自然和野生的传统概念也许仍可以发挥重要作用。

In recent years, a new management philosophy revolving around ideas of the“post-natural” and “post-wild” has gained currency in environmental thinking. This discourse often employs the term The Anthropocene to capture the idea of a whole new era of thought and management philosophy. A look at the differences between what might be called the “terrestrial,” the “atmospheric”, and the “marine”Anthropocenes suggests that, despite the buzz carried by the term, this discourse is more fractured than it initially appears. In place of a totalising Anthropocene discourse, there should be - at the very least - a more careful discourse of multiple Anthropocenes. Attention should also be paid to the disregard for common language use that a totalising Anthropocene discourse tends to engender. The concepts of both“nature”and“the wild”are still very much alive, as evidenced in part by the growing prominence of rewilding efforts in Europe. Traditional ideas of nature and the wild likely have important roles to play, even in an era of significant anthropogenic change.