恶性黑色素瘤的黑色素含量与其进展和转移相关性探讨

Correlations between melanin content and progression and metastasis of malignant melanoma

目的:探讨黑色素含量与细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)表达在恶性黑色素瘤中的临床病理意义。方法:采用组织芯片和免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)方法,检测购于西安艾丽娜生物有限公司189例恶性黑色素瘤患者组织中的黑色素含量和cyclin D1表达。结果:189例恶性黑色素瘤组织中的黑色素高含量者为76例(40.2%),cyclin D1高表达者为80例(45.7%)。黑色素含量与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤组织来源和有无淋巴结转移无关,与肿瘤的侵袭深度(P=0.001)和临床分期(P=0.038)有关。T3、T4期黑色素瘤中的黑色素含量明显低于T1、T2期。同时,临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期皮肤恶性黑色素瘤中的黑色素含量也明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期。cyclin D1表达与年龄、性别、侵袭深度、临床分期、有无淋巴结转移和肿瘤组织来源无关。黑色素含量和cyclin D1表达在58例淋巴结转移性恶性黑色素瘤中呈负相关(r=-0.271,P=0.039)。结论:黑色素含量下调可能与恶性黑色素瘤的侵袭、进展和转移有关。为恶性黑色素瘤的预后因素分析和病理诊断提供新的依据。

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological significance of melanin content and cyclin D1 expression in malignant melanoma. Methods: Melanin content and cyclin D1 expression were detected by immunohistochemical staining in one tissue microarray containing 189 specimens of malignant melanoma between January 2001 and December 2014. Results: There were 76 cases(40.2%) of high melanin content among 189 malignant melanoma patients, and 80 cases(45.7%) of high expression of cyclin D1. The content of melanin was not correlated with the patients’ age, gender, tumor tissue source, and lymph node metastasis, but instead, it was correlated with tumor invasion depth(P=0.001) and clinical stage(P=0.038). The melanin content was much lower in advanced malignant melanoma(stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ or T3 and T4) than in non-advanced melanoma(stageⅠandⅡor T1 and T2). Regarding cyclin D1 expression, there was no significant difference in age, gender, invasion depth(T stage), clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and tumor tissue source. Melanin content was negatively correlated with cyclin D1 expression in 58 cases of lymph node metastatic malignant melanoma(r=-0.271, P=0.039). Conclusions: Melanin content in melanoma tissues may be involved in the invasion, progression,and metastasis of malignant melanoma. The results will provide new evidence for the prognosis and pathological diagnosis of malignant melanoma.