中国城市社区治理现代化之路——一项历时性的多维度考察

The Chinese Path to Modernization of Urban Community Governance——a diachronic Multidimensional Study

中华人民共和国成立近70年来,城市社区经历探索、转型、建设和治理四个阶段的发展,构成富有中国特色的治理道路和发展图景。其中,社区自身的定位从城市基层社会管理体制中的辅助组织转向法定的基层自治组织,进而成为国家治理现代化战略推进的基础单元;社区的核心功能从改革前面向社会弱势群体的有限服务转向探索并建设适应于政府和社会双重转型过程的城市基层服务体系,进而推进从传统管理向现代治理的体制性转换;发展重点从着重于改善服务设施转向持续性地推动其体制机制的不断完善和创新,并赋权增能于居民和社区组织主体,从而发掘和激活社区治理的内生动力;推进路径则沿循地方实践—经验采集—政策创制—试点探索—成效反馈—顶层设计—整体推进的清晰思路。中国城市社区治理的特色道路彰显了宏大的现实蕴意和深刻的时代价值,也昭示着国家治理现代化的走向和前景。

Since 1949 till now,the development of urban communities has gone through four stages of exploration,transformation,construction and governance,forming a governance path and development prospect with Chinese characteristics.Among them,the organizational orientation of the community itself,from the auxiliary organization in the urban basiclevel social management system to the statutory grassroots autonomous organizations in the context of social transformation,has become the basic unit of the strategy of China’s state governance modernization.The core function of the community has shifted from the limited service to the exploration and construction of the citybased service system adapted to the dual transformation process of government and society,thus promoting the systematic transformation from traditional management to modern governance.The focus of development has shifted from improving and perfecting service facilities to continuously promoting the continuous improvement and innovation of its institutional mechanism and empowering residents to increase their capacity,so as to explore and activate the endogenous power of community governance.The promotion path is a clear idea that follows local practiceexperience Collectionpolicy creationpilot explorationeffectiveness feedbacktop designoverall promotion.In order to find and verify the trend and prospects of China’s state governance modernization,the Chinese path of urban community governance has demonstrated the great realistic implication and profound time value.