民国玉环渔会与地方政府的博弈——以玉环护费征收案为例

Gaming between Yuhuan Fishing Association and the Local Government in the Period of the Republic of China——A Case Study of Fee Imposition in Yuhuan

玉环县地处瓯江入海口,海岸线漫长,渔业资源十分丰富。玉环作为浙江第二大渔区,其渔业组织在地方政府规范及渔民推动中得以产生。与传统的渔帮、渔业公所相比,玉环渔会的组建既彰显鲜明的地方政府意志,又代表渔民的利益诉求。1931年玉环渔民关于豁免护费的呈请,展开了玉环渔会与地方政府的博弈,直至全面抗战,形成了一桩颇具影响力的公案。这场利益博弈展现玉环渔会与地方政府的关系,也为渔会的运行提供了一种范例。

Yuhuan County abounds in fishing resources with its long coastal line as it is located at the estuary of Oujiang River. Fishing associations emerged under governmental regulations, promoted by fisherfolk in this second largest fishing area of Zhejiang Province. Unlike previous fishing gangs and chambers, the fishing association spoke for the appeals of fishermen and represented the governmental administration as well. In 1931, the local fishermen submitted a remission from fee imposition and started the gaming between Yuhuan fishing association and the local government, which lasted until the national anti-Japanese war, making it a legal case of considerable influence. The gaming for benefits reveals the relationship between Yuhuan fishing association and the local government and also serves as a prototype of the operation of fishing associations.