博士生培养过程中的进展报告制度:动因、特征与成效

Progress Report Institution during Doctoral Training Process:Motivation,Characteristic and Effect

过高的损耗率和逾期率是博士生教育面临的严峻挑战,监测培养过程、实行学业进展报告制度是英美高校控制损耗率和逾期率、保障博士生培养质量的重要举措,但鲜有研究进行系统梳理。文章从动因、特征和成效三个方面对这一制度进行了考察,研究发现:博士生学业进展报告制度是管理主义的外推力和专业社会化的内驱力双重作用下的产物;这一制度以博士生为主体,重点监测博士生就读期间的关键节点,制度形式灵活多样,制度目标重在提升,同时也兼顾筛选;推行学业进展报告制度有助于缩短博士学位修业年限,实现博士生的合理分流退出,并为调节师生关系奠定了制度基础。中国高校在借鉴学业进展报告制度时需合理界定行政权力与学术权力的边界,充分考虑院校差异、学科差异和个体差异,贯通相关配套制度,力争做到知行统一。

The high attrition rate and retention rate are severe challenges facing doctoral education.In British and American universities,monitoring the training process and conducting the academic progress report institution are important measures to control attrition rate and retention rate as well as to guarantee the training quality.However,there has been little systematic research on this institution.From the perspective of motivation,characteristic and effect,our study found that doctoral academic progress report institution is the product of both the external and internal push.The former refers to managerialism and the latter refers to professional socialization.With doctoral students as the main body,this institution focuses on monitoring the key nodes of doctoral education process.The institution form is flexible and the goal is improvement-oriented,with its elimination function retained.The implementation of academic progress report institution is conducive to shortening the time to doctoral degree,realizing reasonable elimination,and laying the institutional foundation for adjusting the relationship between advisors and students.To introduce this institution,universities should define the boundary of administrative power and academic power reasonably,give full consideration to institution difference,discipline difference and individual difference,coordinate relevant rules and regulations,and strive to achieve the integration between cognition and action.