AMPK的生物学功能及其激活机制研究进展

Biological function and activation mechanism of AMPK: a review

腺苷酸活化的蛋白激酶(AMPK)即AMP依赖的蛋白激酶,是调节生物能量代谢的关键分子。AMPK在真核生物中普遍存在,表达于各种代谢相关的器官中,能被机体各种刺激,包括细胞压力、运动和激素及某些影响细胞代谢的物质等激活,其机制主要与葡萄糖下降或ATP减少有关。研究表明,AMPK是机体保持各种代谢平衡所必需,与能量和物质代谢,细胞增殖、凋亡、自噬,肿瘤发生发展等都有密不可分的关系。AMPK涉及细胞的多种基本生物学功能,阐明其作用及机制,将有利于促进各相关领域的发展。该文结合近年AMPK的研究现状及进展,对AMPK的激活机制及其生物学功能进行了综述。

Adenylate activated protein kinase(AMPK),a protein kinase dependent on AMP,is a key molecule that regulates the metabolism of bioenergy.AMPK is ubiquitous in eukaryotes and expressed in various metabolic organs,and can be triggered by various stimuli,including cell pressure,movement and hormones as well as some substances that affect cell metabolism.The mechanism is mainly related to the decrease of glucose or ATP.Studies have shown that AMPK is essential for the body to maintain metabolic balance,and closely related to energy and substance metabolism,cell proliferation,apoptosis and autophagy,and tumor development.AMPK involves a variety of basic biological functions of cells.Clarifying its role and mechanism will help advance the development of numerous related fields.This paper summarizes the activation mechanism and biological functions of AMPK combining with the status quo and progress of AMPK in recent years.