多种徒手深蹲模式下肢肌肉的肌电研究

Lower Extremity Muscles' EMG Analysis of Various Free-squat Modes

影响徒手深蹲动作的两个重要因素是膝的空间方位与下肢蹲的深浅。目的:通过比较不同深蹲模式下肢肌肉的肌电激活大小以及下肢肌肉在各种深蹲模式中的显著性差异,对下肢肌肉肌电进行综合性分析,为健身群体深蹲练习提供理论性的指导建议。方法:运用实验法、肌电分析等方法,在浅蹲、半蹲、深蹲三种下肢蹲深浅条件,膝关节与足尖的两种方位因素(膝关节在足尖前后),共六种徒手深蹲模式下对十五名健康大学生健身爱好者进行下肢肌肉的表面肌电活动特征研究,采集相关肌电数据。研究结果:徒手深蹲中下肢蹲的深浅对臀大肌肌电均方根值(EMGrms)有显著性影响(P<0.05),膝的空间方位对股内侧肌(EMGrms)有显著性影响(P<0.05);膝关节空间方位和下肢蹲深浅对股直肌肌电具有交互作用(P<0.05)。结论:徒手深蹲模式6对臀大肌的强化训练优于其他深蹲模式;徒手深蹲模式3、4对于股内侧肌和股二头肌的锻炼的"平衡性"优于其它的深蹲模式;徒手深蹲模式6、4对股内侧肌的强化训练优于其他训练模式,有助于维持身体重心位置和减少额外负载;徒手深蹲模式5对股直肌的锻炼效果最佳。

Two important factors that affect free-squat are depths of lower extremities and knee space position.Aim:To compare the muscle EMGs of different lower extremity muscles in different squat patterns and the significant differences of each muscle in various squat patterns,and provide a comprehensive analysis of lower extremity muscles and provide theory for squatting exercises guidance advice.Methods:using experimental methods and EMG analysis.A total of three squat squatting depths,two knee position,and squatting were performed by 15 healthy college students for analysis of the surface electricity muscle activity characteristic.Results:The squat depth had a significant effect on the EMGrms of gluteus maximus(P<0.05).The knee space position had significant effect on the EMGrms of internal medial muscle muscle(P<0.05).The knee position and squat depth had significant interaction with EMGrms of rectus femoris muscle myoelectricity measured(P<0.05).Conclusion:Squat mode 6 is superior to other squat modes on ingluteus maximus exercises.Squat mode 3 and 4 are superior to other squats in balance between medial and lateral biceps femoris exercises.Squat mode 6 and 4 are better than the other training modes on strengthening the medialis muscle,which helps to maintain the body center of gravity and reduce the extra load.Squat mode 5 on the rectus femoris muscle for exercise is is giant.