行政审批局建设的四维机制:基于行政组织要素理论分析框架

Four-dimensional Mechanism of the Construction of the Administrative Examination and Approval Bureau:On the Basis of the Theoretical Analysis Framework of Elements of Administrative Organization

行政审批局是唯一以放管服改革整体目标为主要职责的政府机构,具有天然改革属性,对于研究新时期行政体制改革具有典型样本价值。在试点改革过程中,行政审批局以许可权限集中为前提,有效地推动简政放权、审管分离与透明行政,显著增强了公众的获得感,是与新组建的国家市场监督管理总局相适应的地方审批部门,是贯彻放管结合、从审批层面促进监管的重要体制突破。基于案例的追踪研究,选取三家国内改革典型"样本",运用行政组织要素理论分析框架研究发现,行政审批局改革中的制度建设实质趋同,主要包括四个基础机制,即高层推动的动力机制、专业化队伍的保障机制、审批权集中的价值实现机制以及"局+中心"的协调机制。行政审批局模式改变了政务服务中心的底层逻辑,初步构建了跨部门审批产生化学融合反应的合法性组织基础。

The administrative examination and approval bureau is the only governmental agency taking the overall goal of reforms to streamline administration,to delegate powers,and to improve regulation and services as its main responsibility,It naturally has the reform attribute and is of typical sample value for studying the reform of administrative system in the New Era.In the process of pilot reform,the administrative examination and approval bureau takes the concentration of permission as the premise,effectively promotes the streamlining of administration and delegating power,the separation of examination and management,and transparent administration,and has significantly increased the public’s sense of gain,which is a local examination and approval department that is suitable for the newly established State Administration for Market Regulation,and is an important system breakthrough in implementing the combination of delegating powers and improving regulation and in promoting supervision from the perspective of examination and approval.On the basis of the follow-up study of cases,this article selects three typical“samples”of domestic reform and compares three administrative examination and approval bureaus by using the theoretical analysis framework of elements of administrative organization.It is found from the study that although there are many innovative proposals in the reform of the administrative examination and approval bureau,however,the essences of their system constructions are same,mainly in.cluding four basic mechanisms,i.e.the dynamic mechanism promoted by high level,the safeguard mechanism of professional team,the value realizing mechanism of centralized examination and approval authority,and“bureau+center”coordination mechanism.The study suggests that the administrative examination and approval bureau model changes the underlying logic of administrative service centers and effectively solves the legitimate organizational foundation of chemical fusion reaction generated by cross-department approval.Whether the reform of the administrative examination and approval bureau can be sustained or not is the main yardstick to measure the depth of reforms to streamline administration,to delegate powers,and to improve regulation and services.