长城区域飞天造像流变与民族融合

The Changes of Flying Apsaras among the Great Wall Area with the National Fusion

古代长城区域包括西北、华北和东部地区,是古代游牧与农耕民族融合的核心区。古代四大石窟都位于长城区域,石窟飞天造像的流变过程真实地反映了民族融合的演进特征。从敦煌飞天的"飘逸"、麦积山飞天的"清秀",到云冈飞天的"婆娑",再到龙门飞天的"婀娜",飞天造型和服饰等方面对中原文化的吸收与融合进程,呈现出逐步深化的特点,逐步实现了中原化的"优美"和"飞动"风尚。四大石窟中飞天造像的变化,体现了外来文化、游牧文化与汉族文化的交流与融合,长城区域石窟飞天的流变过程,从一个侧面映射出长城区域民族融合的进程。

The ancient great wall region includes the Northwest, North and East regions, and is the core area of the integration of ancient nomadic and farming peoples. The four major caves in the ancient times are located in the Great Wall area. The evolution of the grottoes flying apsaras statues truly reflects the evolution of ethnic integration. From the "elegant" Dunhuang flying apsaras, "handsome" Maiji mountain flying apsaras, "dancing" to the Yungang flyings, and then to "graceful" Longmen flying apsaras, flying modelling and clothing on the absorption of the central plains culture and the fusion process, presents the characteristics of gradually deepened, gradually implement the central plains of "beautiful" and "flying" fashion. The changes of flying apsaras in the four grottoes reflect the communication and integration of foreign culture, nomadic culture and Han culture. The changing process of flying apsaras in the grottoes of the Great Wall area reflects the process of ethnic integration in the Great Wall from one side.