不同植物类型复合垂直流人工湿地根系微生物群落结构的研究

Microbial community structure in the roots of three kinds of plants in integrated vertical flow constructed wetlands

为探讨湿地植物种类及季节变化对复合垂直流人工湿地根系微生物群落结构的影响,采用微生物多样性测序技术对菖蒲(Acorus calamus L.)湿地、美人蕉(Canna indica L.)湿地和水葱(Scirpus validus Vahl)湿地根系微生物群落结构进行研究。结果表明,三种湿地植物根系微生物丰富度秋季>夏季>冬季。水葱湿地上、下行池根系微生物丰富度差异不大,菖蒲湿地和美人蕉湿地(除10月份外)下行池丰富度比上行池高。不同池子的微生物群落成员相似,且上行池样本相似性比下行池样本相似性高。从属水平上,被检测到的硝化细菌有Nitrospira和Candidatus Nitrosophaera。反硝化细菌有Dechloromonas、Flavobacterium和Pseudomonas等。除美人蕉湿地下行池外,秋季的菖蒲湿地和水葱湿地根系硝化细菌相对丰度均高于夏季和冬季。研究结果可为人工湿地的运行优化提供参考。

The aim of this study is to analyze the microbial community structure in the roots of Acorus calamus L., Canna indica L., and Scirpus validus Vahl wetlands using microbial diversity sequencing technology. The abundance of root microorganisms in autumn were higher than that in summer, followed by that in winter. There was no obvious difference in microorganism relative abundances between up-flow and down-flow cells in Scirpus validus Vahl wetland. Down-flow cells of Acorus calamus L. and Canna indica L. wetlands showed higher abundances of root microorganisms than those of up-flow cells, except for Canna indica L. wetland in October. The microbial community members were similar in different cells. Furthermore, the similarity between up-flow cells was higher than that between down-flow cells. At the genus level, Nitrospira and Candidatus Nitrosophaera, which are nitrifying bacteria, were detected, and Dechloromonas, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas, as denitrifying bacteria, were detected. Except for the down-flow cells of Canna indica L.wetland, the relative abundances of nitrifying bacteria in Acorus calamus L. wetland and Scirpus validus Vahl wetland in autumn were higher than those in summer. This study could provide some help for improving the microbial community structure of constructed wetlands.