德国高校化学实验室安全管理的启示

Inspiration of chemistry laboratory safety management in German collegiate laboratory

化学实验室是进行教学、科研的主要场所,具有危险化学品数量多、使用人员多、人员流动性高、实验设备多等特点,容易存在诸多安全隐患。根据调研情况,介绍了德国高校化学实验室管理经验,包括安全责任、实验室准入制度、安全管理制度、安全防护和风险评估。结合我国高校化学实验室安全管理现状,提出了实验室安全管理工作需在实验室安全意识、实验室安全责任、实验室安全基础设施建设和实验室安全风险评估工作等方面进行加强。

Chemical laboratories are the major place for teaching and researching which have abundance of chemical hazards,large numbers of users,high user turnover rate and large quantity of variety equipments.Taking into account these specificities,chemical laboratories are at high safety risks.We introduced German collegiate laboratories safety management experience including assignment of responsibility for laboratory safety,admission to enter laboratories,laboratory safety management system,safety protection and risk assessment.According to the comparison of German collegiate laboratories safety management and current situations of laboratory safety management in domestic universities,we came up with four key points that needed to improve,enhancing awareness of laboratory safety,clear and definite laboratory safety responsibility,improving laboratories physical infrastructures especially personal protective equipments and starting the laboratory risk assessment.