买办与20世纪初期商会事业机构建设——以上海总商会为中心的探讨

Compradors and the Construction of Chamber of Commerce Institutions in the Early 20th Century——A Case Study on Shanghai Chamber of Commerce

买办是随着西方资本主义对中国的经济渗透而兴起的一个特殊阶层,是沟通洋商与官府之间的媒介,更多地起到了沟通中西的桥梁作用。商会最早在上海成立,成为政府与工商界的重要沟通平台,是上海历史变迁中的一个重要里程碑,也是中国经济近代化新的一页的开端。具买办身份的工商资本家是近代商会的中坚力量,商会是其活跃的舞台。他们不但从事民族工商业、发展实业,而且在上海总商会的发展建设中,参与完善商会的事业机构与设置,如成立商事公断处和商品陈列所,加强商学教育,创办《上海总商会月报》等商业刊物,使上海能够在近代短短数十年中迅速崛起为一个国际大都市,商会成为近代上海经济繁荣与城市发展的一股不可忽视的力量。

The comprador is a special stratum rising with the penetration of Western capitalism into China’s economy. It is a medium between foreign businessmen and the government,and plays a role as a bridge between China and the West. The Chamber of Commerce was first established in Shanghai and became an important communication platform between the government and the business community. It is an important milestone in Shanghai’s historical changes and the beginning of a new page in China’s economic modernization. Commercial capitalists with comprador status are the backbone of modern chamber of commerce,which is their active stage.They not only engage in national industry and commerce and develop industry,but also participate in the improvement of the business organization and establishment of Shanghai Chamber of Commerce,such as the establishment of commercial arbitration offices and commodity exhibition centers,the strengthening of business education and the establishment of commercial publication Monthly Report of Shanghai Chamber of Commerce.Therefore,Shanghai can rapidly rise into an international metropolis in the recent few decades,and the chamber of commerce becomes an ignored force in the economic prosperity and urban development of modern Shanghai.