疏水改性聚酰亚胺的研究进展

Research Progress on Hydrophobic Modification of Polyimide

聚酰亚胺作为功能材料目前已经得到了广泛应用,但因为聚酰亚胺具有吸水性,使其介电性能显著下降,限制了其在微电子和航空航天领域的应用。聚酰亚胺的吸水性主要与聚合物的化学结构和形态结构有关,化学结构为水分子提供了吸附位点,形态结构则影响水分子的渗透与扩散作用。本文结合聚酰亚胺的吸水机理,着重介绍了聚酰亚胺的疏水改性方法,采用柔性结构、含氟结构、含硅结构、表面镀层等多种方法并用的措施对聚酰亚胺进行疏水改性,聚酰亚胺的疏水性能得到显著提高,并在最后对疏水性聚酰亚胺的发展趋势做了展望。

Polyimides have been widely used as functional materials in recent years.However,due to the water absorption behaviour of polyimide,the dielectric properties of polyimide materials have been significantly reduced,which limits their use in microelectronic devices and aerospace applications.The water absorption behaviour of polyimide is mainly related to the chemical structure and the morphological structure of the polymer.The chemical structure provides absorption sites for water molecules,and the morphological structure affects the penetration and diffusion of water molecules.This paper briefly introduces the water absorption mechanism of polyimide,and the focus is on various methods for the hydrophobic modification of polyimide.Flexible structure,fluorinecontaining structure,silicon-containing structure,surface coating and multiple methods are used for the hydrophobic modification of polyimide.The hydrophobicity of polyimide is enhanced by these hydrophobic methods,and this paper ends with a prospective presentation of the future research directions.