2015—2017年贵港地区儿童肺炎支原体下呼吸道感染的流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of lower respiratory tract infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children in Guigang District in 2015-2017

目的探讨2015—2017年贵港地区儿童肺炎支原体(MP)下呼吸道感染的流行情况。方法回顾性分析贵港地区2015年1月至2017年12月14 218例下呼吸道感染患儿所有调查对象,收集所有患儿血清标本并进行MP-Ig M抗体检测。结果 14 218例急性下呼吸道感染患儿中血清MP-IgM抗体阳性4 592例,总阳性检出率32.30%,其中2015年度4 657例患儿中MP-IgM阳性检出1 281例,阳性率27.51%,2016年度4734例患儿中MP-IgM阳性检出1 420例,阳性率30.00%,2017年度4 827例患儿中MP-IgM阳性检出1 891例,阳性率39.18%,MP-IgM阳性检出率呈逐年上升趋势。另分析显示4 592例MP-IgM阳性检出患儿中春季发病944例,阳性率26.67%,夏季发病1 308例,阳性率33.89%,秋季发病1 379例,阳性率36.59%,冬季发病961例,阳性率31.51%;其中男性患儿阳性检出率33.27%,女性患儿阳性检出率31.23%;婴儿组患儿中MP-IgM阳性检出率10.31%,幼儿组患儿中阳性检出率29.86%,学龄前组患儿中阳性检出率35.83%,学龄组患儿中阳性检出率39.06%。结论本地区儿童MP下呼吸道感染的发病情况不容小觑,近年来呈现逐年上升趋势,好发于夏秋季,多见于学龄前和学龄儿童,临床需要根据流行病学分析结果积极开展相应的预防和治疗活动。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of lower respiratory tract infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in Guigang district during 2015一2017.Methods A total of 14 218 children with lower respiratory tract infection in Guigang District from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed,serum samples of all children were collected and tested for MP-IgM antibody.Results Among the 14 218 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection,4 592 cases had positive serum MP-IgM antibody,and the total positive rate was 32.30%.One thousand two hundred and eighty-one cases were positive for MP-IgM in 4 657 cases in 2015,the positive rate was 27.51%;1 420 cases were positive for MP-IgM in 4 734 cases in 2016,the positive rate was 30%;1 891 cases were positive for MP-IgM in 4 827 cases in 2017,the positive rate was 39.18%.The rate of MP-IgM positive was rising year by year.The analysis showed that among 4 592 cases of MP-IgM positive children,944 cases were found in spring,the positive rate was 26.67%;1 308 cases were found in summer,the positive rate was 33.89%;1 379 cases were found in autumn,the positive rate was 36.59%;961 cases were found in winter,the positive rate was 31.51%.The positive rate of the male children was 33.27%,the positive rate of the female children was 31.23%,the positive rate of the infant group was 10.31%,the positive rate in the children's group was 29.86%,the positive rate in the preschool group was 35.83%,and the positive rate in the school age group was 39.06%.Conclusion The incidence of lower respiratory tract infection of MP in children can't be underestimated.In recent years,the incidence of MP infection is increasing year by year.It is more likely to occur in summer and autumn,often in preschool and school-age children,clinical activities need to be actively carried out according to the results of epidemiological analysis.