水中钉螺迁移扩散的研究进展及展望

Research of Oncomelania Snails' Migration and Diffusion in Water: Review and Prospects

血吸虫病是一种严重危害人类健康且分布范围最广的慢性寄生虫病,主要流行于亚、非、拉美的73个国家,患病人数约2亿。钉螺作为日本血吸虫唯一的中间宿主,其迁移扩散对血吸虫病的蔓延起了根本性的作用。研究水中钉螺的迁移扩散对控制血吸虫病流行极为重要。通过大量收集和充分理解前人的工作成果,对钉螺的生存环境及影响因素、迁移扩散方式、水利工程对钉螺及血吸虫病扩散的影响等方面的研究进展进行归纳和总结,并就水中钉螺迁移扩散尚存的一些问题和未来发展的方向进行了探讨。该工作的完成能够在一定程度上为钉螺及血吸虫病防控工作提供技术支撑和理论指导。

Schistosomiasis,severely harmful to the human health,is a most widely distributed chronic parasitic disease epidemic in 73 countries of Asia,Africa,and Latin America attacking 200 million people.As the only intermediate host of schistosome,oncomelania snails migrating and diffusing plays a fundamental role in the spread of schistosomiasis.Studying the migration and spread of oncomelania hupensis is of vital significance for the controlling of schistosomiasis.In this paper,the suitable habitats for oncomelania and influential factors,the diffusion modes,the effects of water conservancy projects on the migration and diffusion of oncomelania hupensis are reviewed and summarized based on previous researches.Furthermore,the remaining challenges and future development are discussed.