考虑大规模电动汽车入网的经济调度问题

Considering the Economic Dispatch of Large-scale Electric Vehicles to Grid

针对大规模的电动汽车无序入网充电导致电力系统运行不稳定的问题,提出了基于峰谷分时电价进行有序充放电的策略,该策略考虑了电动汽车用户的响应程度对其实际应用的影响。具体阐述了峰谷分时电价划分的方法和用户充放电时刻的选择。根据电动汽车时空分布规律,分别构建了电动汽车无序充电和基于峰谷分时电价的有序充放电模型。从微网系统和用户侧两方面建立了以微网系统运行成本、系统负荷波动、车主充电成本为目标函数的经济调度模型。采用粒子群算法对算例模型进行求解,得到了不同充放电方式下电动汽车和其各分布式微源的出力结果,验证了有序充放电策略的有效性和可行性。研究结果表明峰谷分时电价机制下的有序充电明显优于无序充电,电动汽车车主对有序充电的响应程度越高,越能提高微网系统的经济效益和环境效益。

Aiming at the problem of the unstable factors in power system operation caused by large-scale electric vehicles entering the network,an orderly charge and discharge strategy based on peak-to-valley time-of-use electricity price is proposed.The strategy considers the influence of the response degree of electric vehicle users on the practical application of the strategy.The method of dividing the peak-to-valley time-of-use electricity price and the choice of the user's network access time are expounded in detail.According to the space-time distribution law of electric vehicles,the disordered charging of electric vehicles and the orderly charge and discharge load model based on peak-to-valley time-of-use electricity pricesare constructed,respectively.An economic scheduling model based on the operating cost,load fluctuation and charging cost of the micro grid system is established from the two aspects of the micro grid system and the user.The particle swarm optimization algorithm isused to solve the model,and the output results of the electric vehicle and its distributed microsources under different charging and discharging modes are obtained,and the validity and feasibility of the orderly charging and discharging strategy are verified.The results show that the ordered charging is obviously better than the disordered charging under the peak-valley time-sharing pricing mechanism.The higher the response of electric vehicle owners to the orderly charging is,the higher the economic and environmental benefits of the micro-grid system can be improved.