山区地形对短波天线辐射性能的影响分析

Influence of Mountainous Terrain on Radiation Performance of Shortwave Antenna

现在的短波通信台站天线主要安装在山区中,天线附近的起伏地形会对天线发射的电磁波产生较复杂的影响,导致天线实际辐射方向图与平坦地形下存在差别较大。高阶矩量法采用高阶曲面和高阶基函数,在处理电大尺寸传播问题上优势明显。采用高阶矩量法对常用短波天线在典型山区地形和平地下的辐射性能进行仿真计算,对不同坡度的山坡、山谷典型地形对方向图的影响进行比较分析,给出了山区环境下短波天线的相关使用建议。

The current shortwave communication station antennas are mainly installed in mountainous terrain. The undulating terrain near the antenna may have a more complex effect on the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna. This would result in a fairly large difference of between the actual radiation pattern of the antenna and the flat terrain. The high-order moment method uses high-order surfaces and high-order basis functions, and has obvious advantages in dealing with large-scale propagation problems. The high-order moment method is adopted to simulate the radiation performance of common short-wave antennas in typical mountainous terrain and underground, and the influences of typical topography of slopes and valleys with different slopes are analyzed. Finally, the relevant use suggestions for short-wave antennas in mountainous environments are given.