“苦心”的词汇化及其成因

The Adverb “Ku Xin”——Its Lexicalization and the Reasons

"苦心"在现代汉语中的两个词性都是由战国时期出现的特殊述宾短语"苦心"演变而来。"苦心"的名词用法在东汉时期已出现,但到明朝时期才词汇化为名词。作为副词的"苦心"于唐朝开始词汇化进程,到北宋由述宾短语词汇化为副词。在词汇化过程中,使用频率、句法位置、语义融合、认知组块机制和认知转喻机制是"苦心"词汇化的动因。

The two parts of speech of“Ku Xin”in modern Chinese evolved from an incompact verb-ob?ject construction which was originally appeared in the Warring StatesPeriod.Its usage of being a noun began to appear in the Eastern Han Dynasty,but it was not until the Ming Dynasty that it was changed into a noun com?pletely.The adverb“Ku Xin”began its lexicalization in the Tang Dynasty and became an adverb from an in?compact verb-object construction in the Northern Song Dynasty.During the lexicalization of“Ku Xin”,the us?ing frequency,the syntactic position,the semantic integration,the cognitive block mechanism and the cognitive metonymy cognitiveare the main motivations of its lexicalization.