民国文献《南宁社会概况》所录丧葬仪式考释

On the Funeral Rites Recorded in Social Situation of Nanning

关于包括南宁在内的广西地域丧葬仪式的记录,一直以来地方志记录得都较为零散。1937年出版的《南宁社会概况》所刊录的广西首府南宁的丧葬仪式,是首份较为详细记录南宁丧葬仪式的书籍。此书将南宁丧葬仪式分为始丧筹备、入殓、孝服、讣闻、吊奠、发引、安葬、丧葬费用、丧葬琐俗九个部分,涉及了三大内容,一是"始丧、入殓、发丧、安葬"的程序问题,二是丧葬的各种仪式习俗,三是彼时丧葬所需费用。这三部分内容把当时南宁市整套丧葬习俗和具体仪式较为清晰地勾勒了出来,为后人留下了相对完整的史料记录。此书所涉及的相关丧葬仪式在40年代末后大多消失了,故而此书具有重要的民俗史价值。

The records of regional funeral rites in Guangxi, including Nanning, have been scattered in local Chronicles. Social Situation of Nanning, which was published in 1937, is the first book to record the funeral rites of Nanning in detail. This book divides the funeral rites of Nanning into nine parts, including the preparation for funeral, encoffining, mourning service, obituary, hanging ceremony, initiation, burial, funeral expenses, and funeral customs. It involves three major parts: first, the procedures of the rites; second, various kinds of customs; third, the expenses. These three parts clearly outline the whole set of funeral customs and specific ceremonies in Nanning at that time, leaving a relatively complete historical data record for future generations. The funeral rites involved in this book mostly disappeared in the late 1940 s, so this book is very important in folk history value.