空间碎片接近及捕获技术地面试验调研研究

Review of Ground Test for Space Debris Approach and Capture Technology

随着近些年计算机技术、机器人技术和传感技术的迅猛发展,以航天器在轨维护、废弃航天器清理等为目的的空间碎片等目标捕获技术已成为了空间领域的热点研究方向。本课题调研了国外空间碎片接近及捕获过程中的理论方法验证及试验平台,重点针对地面半实物仿真实验系统的试验方法和验证手段,从关键技术地面试验到空间演示验证方案进行调研分析。地面仿真实验平台及空间飞行试验可以为空间碎片接近及捕获理论突破提供试验验证手段,验证航天器相对动力学及控制理论与方法的工程可行性,提升技术成熟度,为未来空间任务应用提供技术基础,提高我国在航天领域的大国国际地位。

Due to the rapid development of the computer science, robotics and sensing technologies, the space debris capture technology has become the focus in the space fields to conduct spacecraft on-orbit maintenance and spent spacecraft removal. The present paper reviews the theoretical test and experimental platform for the space debris approach and capture, especially focusing on the experimental and test methods for the ground simulation system. The ground simulation experimental platform and flight demonstration could be used to verify the space debris removal theory, spacecraft relative dynamics modeling and control methodologies. Meanwhile, it enables to provide the technological basis for the future space mission and improve the Technology Readiness Level(TRL).