我国女子体操运动员专项身体素质评价指标体系的构建

Research on Evaluation Index Construction of China Female Gymnast Specific Physical Fitness

专项身体素质是女子体操运动员竞技能力形成的基础,也是女子体操运动员选材的参考依据。采用文献资料法、德尔菲法等方法构建我国女子体操运动专项身体素质评价指标体系。结果表明:我国女子体操运动员专项身体素质包括专项综合素质、力量素质、速度素质和灵敏素质共4个一级指标和平衡木横木分腿提倒立等12个二级指标。专项身体素质评价指标的权重系数较好地解释了专项身体素质的结构特征和重要程度,对指导女子体操运动员的训练和选材具有较强的指导意义。

Special physical fitness is the foundation for female gymnastics athletes to establish their competitive ability, which provides the references to select women gymnastics. Based on the characteristics of Chinese female gymnastics athletes’ special physical fitness, this paper constructs the evaluation index of special physical fitness with the research methods of literature review, Delphi and mathematical statistics. The result shows that the special physical fitness of Chinese female gymnastics athletes includes four first level indexes,namely, special comprehensive quality, strength quality, speed quality and sensitive quality, and 12 secondary level indexes, like straddle handstand on the balance beam, etc. The weight coefficients of these evaluation indexes can explain well the structural characteristics and the importance degree of the special physical fitness and it plays an important role in guiding the athletes’ training and selecting the athletes.