文学理论与戏剧——由巴赫金的复调理论引发的思考

Literary Theory and Theatre: The Reflection on Bakhktin's Polyphony

巴赫金在论述"复调小说"的理论时,曾声明戏剧并不在其列,并且戏剧也不可能存在真正的复调。自巴赫金以来,戏剧有了长足的发展,但是这并不表示戏剧也具有了复调的特征,或者说戏剧必须具有复调的特征,戏剧没有必要去强求自己拥有小说的特征。文章并非旨在推翻巴赫金关于戏剧的论断,而是由此讨论戏剧自己的发展道路。戏剧不是包罗万象的艺术,戏剧的发展应该符合它自身的艺术特性。

When he was demonstrating the theory of polyphonic novel,Bakhktin claimed that theatre was not included and no strict polyphony could exist in it. Theatre has been developed a lot since Bakhtin,but that does not equal that theatre also obtains the polyphonic features,or theatre must have such features. Theatre has no need to force itself to do so. This article does not aim at disapproving Bakhtin’s claim about theatre but discussing that theatre has its own way to develop. Theatre can never be an artistic form that includes everything,and its development should be correspondence with its own artistic features.