异龙湖国家湿地公园鸟类群落多样性及其季节动态

Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Bird Communities in The Yilong Lake National Wetland Park

2016年7月起至2017年12月,于云南省石屏县异龙湖国家湿地公园调查到鸟类139种,隶属16目47科;其中留鸟73种,夏候鸟21种,冬候鸟35种,旅鸟10种。记录到水鸟51种,以鹳形目鹭科和雁形目鸭科为主。国家II级保护鸟类6种,即黑翅鸢、白腹鹞、白尾鹞、普通鵟、红隼、游隼。全年生态保育区鸟类多样性丰富度最高(4. 087),合理利用区最低(3. 968);生态保育区均匀度最高(0. 538),科普宣教区最低(0. 513);异龙湖鸟类多样性丰富度表现为夏季>冬季>春季>秋季。湿地公园内科普宣教区与生态恢复区相似性指数(0. 87)最高,而生态保育区与生态恢复区具有最低的相似性指数(0. 73)。

From July 2016 to December 2017,a total of 139 bird species belonging to 47 families and 16 orders were recorded in Yilong Lake National Wetland Park,Shiping County,Yunnan Province.Of these,73 were residents,21 were summer visitors,35 were winter visitors,10 were passage migrants.Fifty-one water bird species were recorded,mainly representing CICONIFORMES(Ardeidae)and ANSERIFORMES(Anatidae).Six species are listed as class Ⅱ key nationally-protected species of China,viz.Elanus caeruleus,Circus spilonotus,Circus cyaneus,Buteo japonicus,Falco tinnunculus,and Falco peregrinus.The richness of the ecological conservation area was highest(4.087)and that of the rational utilization area was lowest(3.968).The evenness of the ecological conservation area was highest(0.538)and the science education area was lowest(0.513).Annual species richness was highest in summer,followed by winter,spring,and autumn.The similarity of bird communities was highest between science education area and ecological restoration area(0.87)and lowest between ecological conservation area and ecological restoration area(0.73).